Active Denial (ADS), which is a directed-energy non-lethal weapon systems, was created by the United States military. It works by emitting a beam containing millimeter waves that are also known as "heat radiations", which target people. It produces a heat beam that strikes the target and causes a temporary burning sensation. This heating effect is used to stop hostile actions.
Active denial systems can be mounted on ships, ceilings and walls. They can also be used for crowd control or perimeter security. This device is designed to protect high-asset military bases with non-lethal means. It can also assist in law enforcement. However, there are some who believe that it is too dangerous and could easily be abused.
ADS uses millimeter waves at 95GHz to deliver a beam of light to a target. These waves penetrate the skin down to a depth of 1/6th of an inch. If the subject moves outside of the beam, then the energy is stopped. In addition to causing pain, the beam can cause blisters to form on the skin.
While the technology is new, the research and testing has been done by Air Force Research Laboratory's Human Effectiveness Directorate. After reviewing the test results, the Human Effects Advisory Panel concluded that there is no risk of serious injury due to exposure to ADS.
The Active Denial System has been tested against individuals wearing contact lenses, concrete blocks, alcohol, tin foil, and pacemakers. These tests have been conducted according to Federal regulations that govern human research. Contrary to a gun's beam, it is not absorbed and can be used for multiple purposes. The system also provides a head turn that protects the eyes.
Active Denial Systems has been shown to protect against pirate attacks. However it is not known how it would operate in a combat situation. It could be used to defend high-asset military bases or oil and cargo ships from piracy. The civilian version can be carried more easily than the vehicle-mounted version.
The Air Force has been studying Active Denial Systems' effects since the late 80s. The Joint Non-Lethal Weapons Program, an organization that focuses on improving the lives of service members, has funded the development of Active Denial Technology systems. In support of this effort, the Air Force Research Laboratory's Human Effectiveness division has done years of safe laboratory testing.
In addition to CBS 60 Minutes, Active Denial technology was featured on the History Channel's Modern Marvels show. It is also included in the Discovery Channel's Future Weapons series. The government has yet to allow Active Denial systems to be used in a conflict situation. The United States instead uses 'less deadly' weapons on a regular basis.
Active Denial systems can be used to give attackers additional time to make a decision. Because of this, the beam has a reversible effect over both short and longer distances.