Klystron radar, a powerful radar for weather forecasting, is used by meteorologists. The technology produces a coherent transmission signal using a beam of accelerated particles and a transit effect. However, there are disadvantages to using the klystron radios. They can't be used on magnetron-radars. This is the main problem. Moreover, their matched-filter bandwidth is reduced. They can also interfere with magnetic navigation equipment and are therefore expensive.
Klystron systems have the ability to be used for high profile research projects, such as in coastal areas or airports. Klystron systems are well-suited for numerical weather modeling. They can also be used to remove high frequency clutter.
In addition to being flexible, Klystron technology is a safer investment. It does not support pulse compression, unlike magnetron technology. In the next five- to ten years, this technology is expected to catch up with radar. It has the advantage of being more pure. Klystrons have a wider spectrum which can be used for data-analysis as well as numeric weather modeling.
There are many options for klystron-radar models. These range in size from extremely small to very large. Varian Corporation has the VA-842, which is one of the largest klystrons. It uses a cone-shaped collector, and generates up to 200W power at wavelengths of 40 cm. A bank of these tubes was operational in Thule, Greenland for over 29,000 hours.
Klystron radars are also advantageous for coastal lines. Because of the transit time effect, the electron beam is accelerated from low to high velocity. After passing through tube's drifttube, the electron forms an electron beam that follows the axis. The collector electrode absorbs these electrons to maintain a positive voltage. A second cavity with a resonant may also be used for the same purpose.
Klystrons can be tuned from an external source, which is a benefit over magnetrons. You can adjust them for different weather conditions. For example, they can be tuned for high-frequency rainfall. Some klystrons have additional cavities called "bunchers", that further increase the speed the accelerating electron beam.
Klystron and Magnetron technology have been sharing the weather radar transmitter market for the past five years. Although the Magnetron market is growing faster, it remains competitive. The klystron industry is slowing down. Despite these differences both technologies are considered to represent the state of art.
Klystron is a system that detects and warns of tornadoes and hurricanes. They are also a good choice for coastal areas and hilly terrains. Dual-polarization applications are not common for these technologies.
Klystrons have existed for many years. Westinghouse actually manufactured the first commercially available klystron in 1940. Their market share was nearly identical until the last five years. Now, however, the Magnetron market has grown, especially in South-American countries. Even though it is more expensive, the Klystron Market remains stable.
Klystrons modulate the electric force using the kinetic energy of an electron beam. They can also alter the speed of electron beams and generate a coherent signal.