Service members can no longer use traditional phone calls to maintain contact with loved ones during deployments. They will instead have access to email and IM, as well as Internet video phones. However, the limitations of the Internet service available and the difference in time between the countries limit the use of these tools. It is not uncommon for service personnel to have to pay out-of pocket to buy a phone, or Internet service while deployed.
Most Soldiers will have access to teleconferencing and email, in addition to internet video phones and email. Some Soldiers might have access to a cellphone or laptop to be able communicate with loved ones back home.
The Army does have rules for online conduct. These rules can be broken and a Soldier can be disciplined. Depending on the severity, they can be punished with revocation of pass privileges, Article 15 or corrective training. They can also be punished by a counseling statement, or the revocation of off post living privileges. They could also be violating federal laws.
Online behavior of Soldiers can also reflect on their Army membership. They are expected to treat all people with respect, including civilians, and live Army values offline. This includes a refusal to participate in partisan political activity or participate in organized communication campaigns on behalf of a political party. This includes the right to use social media for personal opinions. Army personnel are responsible also for their online content. They are required to adhere to the UCMJ in all instances.
U.S. soldiers can also receive care packages through the military postal service. While overseas, communication may be limited by the postal service.
Social media is another option for service members to voice their opinion on political issues. They should avoid engaging in partisan online political activity. They are expected to express their opinions as individuals, not as members of a political party or a campaign. Interviews with them as advocates or opponents of a political party are not allowed.
During a deployment, many service members will be assigned laptops to use with an email account. Some service members will have access to Internet video phone, while others will have only email access. Some people may have to wait in line to send or get mail. These delays can be frustrating for loved one, but technology allows service members to stay in touch.
For civilian communication, service personnel can also use the Internet. To make calls, they can use Skype or Facebook Messenger. These services have similar quality to video chat. The quality of the call will vary depending on how fast the Internet is available and the time difference between them. They are not required to pay a fee to make or receive a call from a civilian.
If a Soldier cannot receive mail or an email, it's important to think about the motives of the sender. They are most likely a fraudster or catfish if they don't have an APO/FPO address.